Global warming is primarily happening due to the increased concentration of greenhouse gases, especially carbon dioxide (CO₂), in the Earth's atmosphere. This increase is primarily attributed to burning of fossil fuels (coal, oil and natural gas) for energy production, transportation and industrial processes. There are consequences of global warming which include: rising temperatures, melting ice caps and glaciers, ecosystem disruption, extreme weather events among others. According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), to achieve goals set by different countries as per Paris Agreement and to limit future temperature increases to 1.5 0C, efforts are needed to reduce emissions along with deployment of technologies to remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. Carbon capture is one such technology and can therefore play important role in tackling global warming.

Carbon capture is a process designed to capture carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions from various sources, such as power plants, steel and other industrial facilities and store them in a way that prevents their release into the atmosphere. The captured CO₂ can be stored underground in geological formations or used in various industrial processes or potentially converted into useful products.